FTTV - Fiber To The Village. A practical approach.
FTTX - An overview
Typical PON structure
FTTV - Schematic
FTTX is broadly classified based on the last mile fiber termination such as FTTH - Fiber To The House, FTTC, - Curb / Compound / Campus, FTTB - Building, FTTD - Desk. In that context FTTV was born, meaning Fiber To The Village. This idea is derived from the immediate huge bandwidth requirement in the rural areas where there is not much internet penetration. FTTX is based on the GPON - Gigabit Passive Optical Network technology where all the users are collectively under the same Passive Optical Network which is termed as a PON. Normally there will be 32, 64 or even 128 customers sharing the same optical port from the central office. FTTX brings triple play service namely Voice, Video and Data. The uplink and downlink are operated in two different wavelengths so that only one fiber is used per PON. As per the present technology we can get 2.5 Gbps download speed and 1.25 Gbps upload speed shared among all the users in the PON. Below is the typical network diagram of a FTTX network.
As per the implementation, single PON consists of 32 customers with the split style of 2X16 or 4X8. The concept is to take one fiber port from central office equipment OLT, divide that into two and then each output will again be divided into 16 so as to get 32 end point for customer premises equipment. This is different from 4*8 = 32 split as show in the below diagram.
Fiber To The Village is best achieved by using the existing operators spare fiber in all their national fiber network. The idea is to avail only one fiber between all the joint locations and connect the 1:2 splitter with one side customer equipment and other side to the next 1:2 splitter in the route. So the final network will look like the star topology with the city at the middle having the central office with uplink connectivity and serving all the villages in all the connecting national high ways as shown in the figure.
FTTV - A practical approach
Below diagram shows the practical implementation proposal for Madurai like place in India, which connects all the possible village all along the route on the connecting National and State highways. The central office equipment in Madurai like cities will be connected to the uplink for Internet, IPTV and voice communication. This is the best way as of today to light up all the rural villages with state of the art and high speed internet connection.
FTTV - Points for Project Planning
Practically there are lot of in difficulty in achieving this FTTV network architecture due to the present system design based on the FTTH and FTTB scenario. In FTTH and FTTB the maximum logical distance between the first ONT and the last ONT should be 20 Kms and this to the maximum distance of the last ONT from the central office. The split ratio and the optical power at all the ONTs are equal due to uniform split of 1*2*16 or 1*4*8. Here in FTTV we have to split 1:2 and connect ONT at one side and feeder to rest of the ONTs in second side. This will have difference of optical power at all the ONTs in the PON. These points to be noted and get specially manufactured or configured equipments for FTTV implementation. Hope technology vendors will come up with suitable solution for the huge market such as India.
posted by Unknown @ 12:50 PM
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